Laboratory scientists often assume that their liquid-handling instruments, from pipettes to automated liquid handlers, are operating within specification. But given that data integrity for applications from drug discovery to molecular diagnostics relies on accurate and precise liquid delivery, that can be a very risky assumption with high costs of failure. Those costs and risks are compounded by several trends in today’s life-science laboratories, such as the growing use of valuable reagents at low volumes and an increasingly strict regulatory environment.…
Regulatory Affairs
Encyclopedia of Rapid Microbiological Methods
Many different rapid microbiological methods (RMM) have been developed in recent years, although their acceptance and implementation in the pharmaceutical industry has been slow. To stimulate the integration of RMMs in the pharmaceutical industry, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) introduced the Process Analytical Technology (PAT) initiative in 2004. A year later, the Encyclopedia of Rapid Microbiological Methods, edited by Michael J. Miller, was published. Miller, senior research fellow in the manufacturing and science department at Eli Lily, recruited many…
Creating an Effective Strategy for Offshoring to China
China’s business landscape offers enormous opportunity for both traditional foreign direct investments and newly hot foreign private equity (PE) and venture capital (VC) investments. The country’s economy has grown at an annual rate of nearly 9% for 25 consecutive years, and its growth is forecast to continue at an annual rate of 8% despite the current global economic crisis. Foreign investment in billions of dollars are continuing to flow into China. But the country’s explosive market growth also presents tremendous…
Overcoming Barriers to Success
Eli Lilly’s 2001 annual report stated that “Xigris… will prove to be one of our industry’s genuine breakthroughs” (1). The company believed that its first-in-class drug “could help save one in five people who otherwise would die” from severe sepsis. One of the world’s oldest and most virulent killers, sepsis is the third most common cause of death for hospitalized patients in the developed world after heart disease and cancer. In the United States alone, 750,000 patients are hospitalized with…
Automated Liquid Handlers As Sources of Error
Use of automated liquid handling equipment for rapid testing and reproducible screening of thousands of molecules, cells, and compounds has become an essential component of life-science laboratories across the globe. Along with an increase in such use, transferred volumes have shrunk, as demands increase on transfer accuracy and precision when aspirating, diluting, dispensing, mixing, and washing. Automated liquid handlers are generally used to increase the productivity and repeatability of volume transfer, but as discussed here, they are still…
Quality by Design: Current Regulatory Status and Future Challenges
Drug manufacturers face the very real challenge of being both innovative and efficient — having to get products to market quickly — whilst at the same time facing existing hurdles that can limit both of these goals. To manufacture products innovatively and quickly, while at the same time reducing costs and ensuring quality, drug manufacturers must find ways to build quality into their processes. Doing so will aid in product approvals, cut down on poor design issues and…
Defending the Supply Chain
Competition, whether commercial or military, focuses on two common objectives: making choices and converting those choices into direct action. Like commercial competition, most wars are won or lost through effective or faulty logistics. The Art of War by Sun Tzu is not merely a book about war. Captains do not carry it into battle with them. It is a book about strategy that generals and statesmen study. Mobilizing for war, committing an army to battle, and risking a power base…
Reviewing the Real Costs of GMP Compliance
Readers of our February 2008 article “Construction and Start-Up Costs for Biomanufacturing Plants: Canadian Case Studies in the Cost of Regulatory Compliance” may have noticed something missing (1). Two somethings, in fact: First, biographical information for coauthor Agnès Coquet was not listed at the end of the article. She is manager of analytical development for Debiovision Inc. of Montreal, Quebec, in Canada; 1-514-842-9976, ext. 104; acoquet@debiopharm. ca. Second, “Table 1” was called out on the fourth page of the article…
Effect-Based Compliance
Regulatory compliance is a competitive team activity that creates real value reflected in the bottom-line accounting of company profitability. Champions earn freedom to operate for their companies; losers are enjoined, have products seized, and/or are prosecuted for their (mis)deeds. The players and fans use FDA form 483s and warning letters as metrics for measuring relative standing. The operational paradigm is that “employees” tend to define competitors in the context of a company’s market. In the regulatory game, competitors are less…
Process Excellence
Life-science companies that adopt “quality by design” (QbD) into their overall operations are expected to achieve the “desired state” of manufacturing. So concludes the Q10 document from the EMEA, US FDA, and the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for the Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (1). The ability to achieve an appropriate quality outcome must be designed into each manufacturing process rather than companies relying on final product testing. An increased focus on QbD ultimately requires manufacturers…