Adherent cell processes for production of adenoviruses often involve 2D vessels that require many manual operations and large areas of cleanroom space, or microcarrier cultures that require complex cell transfer steps and a very high level of expertise. To maximize surface area within a compact space, Integrity® iCELLis® bioreactors contain macrocarriers trapped in a fixed-bed, providing ≤500 m2 of 3D growth surface area in only 25 L of fixed-bed. The iCELLis technology can be used at small scales (iCELLis nano…