New molecular entities (NMEs) are becoming larger, more crystalline and more lipophilic and, as a result, less soluble. While approximately 40% of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) currently on the market show poor solubility, it is estimated that between 60 and 90% of compounds in development have solubility challenges.1,2 For an oral formulation, API solubility and permeability are critical factors for absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. As a result of this, solubility-enhancing formulation techniques have become an area of focus for…

Vaccines have been protecting against disease since the late 1700s. They function by triggering the immune system to generate short-term and long-term responses. Because there are many pathogens, there are also many vaccines. They can be classified by antigen character, but the manufacturing flows used to produce them are relatively similar. Read now our Vaccine Bioprocessing Handbook to learn more on similarities and differences on Vaccine processes for: viral vaccines, Virus-Like Particle (VLP) Vaccines, Polysaccharide Conjugated Vaccines, Viral Vector Vaccines…